Arsenic adsorbent granules in water

Arsenic is a rare element in the Earth's crust that is toxic and carcinogenic to the human body, according to the World Health Organization. Skin, lung, kidney, and bladder cancers are among the most important diseases caused by arsenic. Arsenic can enter the body through eating, breathing, or absorption through the skin. Arsenic is transmitted through cigarettes, tobacco, insecticides, and herbicides. One of the most important factors in the entry of arsenic into the human body is drinking water, which is often contaminated due to the passage of water through soil substrates containing high arsenic or the entry of industrial wastewater into surface water. The presence of high levels of arsenic in water has become a major concern worldwide, especially in Argentina, Bangladesh, China, Chile, Guinea, Hungary, India, Mexico, Thailand, and the United States. According to international standards, the permissible amount of arsenic in drinking water is less than 0.01 mg/lit. Removing arsenic from water is difficult and costly, and for this purpose, methods such as oxidation, coagulation, ion exchange, adsorption filtration, and membrane techniques can be used. Many materials such as activated alumina, activated carbon, iron and manganese, coated sand, kaolinite clay, hydrated iron oxide, activated bauxite, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, and many natural and synthetic elements are used to remove arsenic by adsorption. In the surface adsorption method, the elements in the raw water are separated from the water in contact with the intermediate material and absorbed by that material. This method is very similar to ion exchange methods and is a part of Physico-chemical processes.

Granules containing the nanometer component are also used to remove and adsorb arsenate, arsenite, and phosphate from water. The reactor of granule containing the nanometer component is an adsorbent substrate like a conventional water filter.